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Property decisions, explained plainly

Short reads about documents, negotiations, renting safely and the checks worth doing before money changes hands.

COMMERCIAL · 11 MIN

Buying commercial property: what to check

Before buying an office, shop or showroom, confirm the title, that the land use and the building plan allow commercial use, the occupancy or completion certificate, fire approval where the building needs one, the tax and maintenance position and any existing lease. GST applies only to under-construction property, and the buyer deducts 1% TDS when the price is ₹50 lakh or more.

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COMMERCIAL · 11 MIN

Commercial lease agreements: clauses that matter

A commercial lease is mostly negotiated, not standard. Agree in writing the lock-in, the escalation, the security deposit, any rent-free fit-out period, who pays CAM and repairs, subletting and signage rights, how you exit and what you restore — and register the lease if its term needs it.

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COMMERCIAL · 10 MIN

GST and TDS on commercial rent

Renting out commercial property attracts GST at 18%. A registered landlord charges it; where the landlord is unregistered and the tenant is GST-registered, the tenant has paid it under reverse charge since 10 October 2024 (composition tenants excluded from 16 January 2025). Separately, tax is deducted at 10% on rent for land or buildings above ₹50,000 a month — section 393(1) of the Income-tax Act, 2025, earlier section 194-I.

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COMMERCIAL · 11 MIN

Pre-leased commercial property: how to evaluate it

A pre-leased property is sold with a tenant already paying rent. Judge it on the lease (who the tenant is, how long is left, lock-in and escalation), the tenant's ability to pay, the net yield after costs and vacancy, and what happens when the tenant leaves — not on the headline yield in the brochure.

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COMMERCIAL · 10 MIN

Renting a shop: what to check

Before renting a shop, watch the street at different times, confirm the unit is approved for your trade, and check that you can get the licences your business needs — shop and establishment registration under your state's Act and the municipal trade licence — along with enough power, parking and a CAM figure you can live with.

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COMMERCIAL · 9 MIN

SCO plots and commercial plots: what buyers should know

An SCO (shop-cum-office) plot is a commercial plot on which the owner builds a small building with shops below and offices above, a format common in planned sectors in Haryana and Punjab. Before buying one, check the colony's licence or allotment, the permitted floors, FAR and use in the plan, whether a building plan can be sanctioned, and the deadlines for construction and completion.

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RENTING · 8 MIN

Rent agreement, step by step

Agree the terms, draft them in full, stamp the agreement at your state's rate, register it where the law requires, sign with witnesses, complete police verification where your city asks, and keep receipts.

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FINANCE · 15 MIN

Capital gains exemptions on property: sections 54, 54EC and 54F explained

Three exemptions can bring the tax on a long-term gain from property down to nil: reinvesting in a residential house (section 54, now section 82 of the 2025 Act), buying specified bonds (section 54EC, now section 85), and, for gains on assets other than a house, reinvesting the sale proceeds in a house (section 54F, now section 86). Each has its own deadlines, caps and lock-ins.

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FINANCE · 12 MIN

TDS on rent: when tenants must deduct tax, at what rate, and how to file

Individual and HUF tenants not under tax audit who pay rent above ₹50,000 a month deduct 2% once a year and file it with their PAN — no TAN needed. Companies, firms and audited individuals deduct 10% on rent for land and buildings above ₹50,000 a month, every month. From 1 April 2026 both rules sit in section 393 of the Income-tax Act, 2025, and Form 141 replaces Form 26QC.

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FINANCE · 13 MIN

TDS when buying property from an NRI: rates, lower deduction certificate and the forms

When the seller is a non-resident, the buyer must deduct tax at the rates that apply to the seller's capital gain — 12.5% plus surcharge and 4% cess on a long-term gain — not the flat 1% that applies to resident sellers, and from the first rupee. The seller can get a certificate for a lower deduction. From 1 October 2026, resident individual and HUF buyers no longer need a TAN for this.

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FINANCE · 12 MIN

Tax on jointly owned property: home loans, rent and capital gains for co-owners

When a property is owned jointly, each co-owner is taxed separately on their own share — of rent, of the gain when it is sold — and claims their own deductions and exemptions. A co-owner who is also a co-borrower can claim home loan benefits up to their own limits. Who actually paid for the property matters: if one spouse funded the other's share, clubbing can move the income back.

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BUYING · 11 MIN

How to check a builder's track record before you book

A builder's brochure shows the best of its work. Public records show the rest: what it promised on earlier projects, how late it delivered, who complained, what its company filings say and whether it has been through insolvency. Here is where to look and what to make of it.

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SELLING · 10 MIN

How to sell a property faster: price, papers and presentation

Most slow sales come down to three things: a price above what comparable homes sold for, documents that are not ready when a buyer's lawyer asks for them, and a listing that does not answer buyers' basic questions. This guide covers each, and how to keep a deal moving once you have an offer.

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BUYING · 11 MIN

Green homes in India: IGBC, GRIHA, LEED and rooftop solar explained

A green rating tells you a building was designed, and sometimes built, to save energy and water and to be healthier inside. It does not guarantee lower bills in your flat. This guide explains the three main rating systems, how to check a claim, what the benefits realistically are, and how the rooftop solar subsidy works for houses and housing societies.

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SELLING · 9 MIN

How to price your flat or house for sale

A good asking price starts from what similar homes actually registered for, checks itself against the circle rate, adjusts honestly for what makes your home different, and leaves sensible room to negotiate. This guide walks through each step and the costs that decide what you take home.

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RENTING · 8 MIN

Rent agreement registration: when it is required and how to do it

Whether a rent agreement must be registered depends on its length and on your state. This guide explains the Registration Act rule behind eleven-month agreements, Maharashtra's rule for leave and licence agreements, the newer state tenancy laws, how stamp duty and registration are paid, and when registering is worth doing even if it is optional.

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RENTING · 7 MIN

Tenant police verification: why it matters and how to do it

Many police commissioners and district magistrates order landlords to give the police details of their tenants, and most state police forces now accept the form online. This guide explains the legal basis, who must submit it, the documents needed, where to file in the main states, the separate rule for foreign tenants, and how to protect the tenant's personal data.

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BUYING · 8 MIN

Stamp duty and registration in Maharashtra: how it works

Maharashtra charges stamp duty under the Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958 on the higher of the price and the ready reckoner value, and the deed is registered at the sub-registrar's office under the Registration Act, 1908. This guide explains how the duty is worked out, the surcharges and the concession for women, how to pay through GRAS, what happens at registration, and the checks for resale and under-construction flats.

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LAND · 5 MIN

यूपी भूलेख: उत्तर प्रदेश में खतौनी ऑनलाइन कैसे देखें

खतौनी उत्तर प्रदेश का अधिकार अभिलेख (रिकॉर्ड ऑफ़ राइट्स) है। यहाँ जानें कि इसे राज्य के भूलेख पोर्टल पर कैसे देखें और ज़मीन ख़रीदने से पहले उसमें क्या पढ़ें।

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LAND · 6 MIN

बिहार भूमि: जमाबंदी (पंजी-II) ऑनलाइन कैसे देखें

बिहार का चालू भूमि खाता जमाबंदी पंजी (पंजी-II) है, जो राजस्व एवं भूमि सुधार विभाग के बिहार भूमि पोर्टल पर है। यहाँ जानें कि इसे कैसे खोजें, पोर्टल पर और क्या है, और ख़रीदने से पहले क्या जाँचें।

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LAND · 6 MIN

झारभूमि: झारखंड में खतियान और रजिस्टर-2 ऑनलाइन कैसे देखें

झारखंड के भूमि अभिलेख झारभूमि पर हैं, जिसे राजस्व, निबंधन एवं भूमि सुधार विभाग चलाता है। यहाँ जानें कि खतियान और रजिस्टर-2 कैसे पढ़ें, म्यूटेशन कैसे देखें, ग़लती कैसे सुधारें, और ख़रीदने से पहले कौन से काश्तकारी क़ानून जाँचें।

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DOCUMENTS · 9 MIN

प्रॉपर्टी म्यूटेशन (दाखिल ख़ारिज / नामांतरण): क्या है और आवेदन कैसे करें

म्यूटेशन बिक्री, विरासत या दान के बाद सरकारी रिकॉर्ड को नए मालिक के नाम पर करता है। यह ज़रूरी है, यह मालिकाना हक़ नहीं है, और ज़मीन व शहर की प्रॉपर्टी के लिए अलग तरह से होता है।

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These articles are general guidance, not legal or financial advice.